Funding is provided for projects that deal with infection-biological processes and for accompanying social scientific research into these frequently poverty-conditioned diseases. Among the objectives of the initiative are the long-term networking of German and African research and the stabilisation of the professional careers of young African researchers.
Infectious diseases cost the lives of several million people each year. Large parts of the African continent are hit especially hard. While the research and the combat of diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis and AIDS are already being funded by large international programmes, research into other comparably severe infectious diseases that effect people and livestock is often pushed into the background. The DFG therefore hopes that, as part of this initiative, funding can be made available in particular to projects dealing with these neglected diseases.
The cooperation projects should be arranged as equal partnerships to the mutual advantage of both sides, and they should open up long-term research opportunities for German science on the African continent, which are important for infection biology, but for which the right conditions are lacking in Europe. This applies among other things to the areas of epidemiology, infection genetics and immunology. At the same time, by means of the approved projects, the DFG would like to make an effective, differentiated contribution to the organisation and expansion of research capacities on the African partner side. In this programme, which should run for a maximum of eight years, the DFG will also provide funding for the cooperation partners of German applicants.
The funding programme can be traced back to the initiative of former DFG President Ernst-Ludwig Winnacker and will be formally announced in May 2007. The first funding awards are expected to be announced in the spring of 2008.
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The group of Olivier Delattre, the Director of Inserm Unit 830 Genetics and Biology of Cancer at the Institut Curie, and the team of Pierre Charbord, the Director of Inserm Laboratory ERI5 Microenvironment of Hematopoiesis and Stem Cells in Tours, have now discovered that Ewing ™s sarcoma are caused by cells of the mesenchyme, a connective tissue that supports other tissues. They have shown that the profile of the transcriptome of Ewing ™s sarcoma ressemble that of mesenchymal cells, particularly mesenchymal stem cells, when EWS/FLI-1 is inhibited.
By inhibiting the abnormal protein EWS/FLI-1 that causes Ewing ™s sarcoma, the researchers also forced the tumor cells to return to their original status of mesenchymal stem cells, which can then differentiate normally into bone or fat cells. This approach opens up new therapeutic prospects, since by forcing the cells to resume their original function it may be possible in the future to make them less aggressive and prevent their proliferation. As long as the tumor cells are still able to fulfill their function, they generally proliferate slowly, and the prognosis is good; once they lose this capacity, however, the tumor cells become highly aggressive.
This discovery could allow Delattre, Charbord and colleagues to produce an animal model of Ewing ™s sarcoma, an essential stage in the development of new treatments.
These results, published in the May 7 issue of Cancer Cell, show once more that the close collaboration at the Institut Curie between physicians and researchers is vital to advances in treatments of Ewing ™s sarcoma.
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